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3.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 76(11): 751-755, Nov. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-973934

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To report cases of children and adolescents diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri associated or not with rheumatic disease. Methods: This was a retrospective study based on medical reports of 29 patients, up to 18 years of age and diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri, followed up in the Pediatric Rheumatology and Neurology outpatient clinics of a tertiary hospital, until December 2016. Results: Among the 29 patients diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri, 51.7% were girls and the mean age at the disease onset was 12.3 years. In 18 patients (62%) where an etiology was found, four were associated with a rheumatic disease. The most common symptom was headache (69%) and acetazolamide was the most used medication (69%). Two patients developed blindness and 10 are still being followed up. Conclusion: Although rare, pseudotumor cerebri should be considered in children with headaches, especially in patients with rheumatic disease.


RESUMO Relatar os casos de crianças e adolescentes com diagnóstico de pseudotumor cerebral com ou sem doença reumática. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo através de revisão de prontuários, 29 pacientes com idade até 18 anos e diagnóstico de pseudotumor, atendidos nos ambulatórios de Reumatologia Pediátrica e Neurologia de um hospital terciário, registrados até dezembro de 2016. Resultados: Dentre os 29 pacientes com diagnóstico de pseudotumor cerebral, 51,7% eram meninas. A média de idade de aparecimento dos sintomas foi de 12,3 anos. Em relação à etiologia do pseudotumor cerebral, em 18 pacientes (62%) foi possível identificar uma causa, sendo o diagnóstico de doença reumática associada em quatro desses casos. Cefaléia foi o sintoma mais frequente (69%), e a medicação mais utilizada foi a acetazolamida (69%). Dois pacientes evoluíram para cegueira e 10 ainda se encontram em seguimento ambulatorial. Conclusão: Concluímos que, apesar de raro, o diagnóstico de pseudotumor cerebral deve ser considerado em crianças com cefaleia, principalmente nos pacientes com doença reumática.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Rheumatic Diseases/diagnosis , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Pseudotumor Cerebri/drug therapy , Papilledema/etiology , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Retrospective Studies , Headache/complications , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use
4.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(3): 445-450, jun. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-950024

ABSTRACT

La hipertensión endocraneana idiopàtica se asocia infrecuentemente con la hipovitaminosis A y D. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 8 años con visión borrosa de 24 horas y papiledema bilateral. Resonancia magnética nuclear normal. Presión de apertura de líquido cefalorraquídeo: 260 mm^O. Presentó déficit de vitamina A y D, e inició un tratamiento sustitutivo. El segundo caso corresponde a un paciente masculino de 12 años con fiebre y odinofagia de 3 días. Con antecedente de glomerulonefritis y sobrepeso. Presentaba edema bipalpebral y papiledema. Tomografia axial computada de la órbita: aumento de líquido en la vaina de ambos nervios ópticos. Resonancia magnética nuclear: aracnoidocele intraselar. Presión de apertura de líquido cefalorraquídeo: 400 mm^O. Presentó déficit de vitamina D y B6, e inició el tratamiento sustitutivo. La elevación de la presión intracraneal desencadena mecanismos de compensación que, al fallar, pueden comprometer la vida o provocar graves discapacidades neurológicas. Reconocer la causa para un enfoque terapéutico preciso es clave para disminuir la morbimortalidad asociada a esta patología.


Idiopathic endocranial hypertension is infrequently associated with hypovitaminosis A and D. The case of an 8-year-old female with 24-hour blurred vision and bilateral papilledema is presented. Nuclear magnetic resonance was normal. Opening pressure of cerebrospinal fluid: 260 mm^O. She presented vitamin A and D deficiency and started replacement therapy. The second case corresponds to a 12-year-old male with fever and odynophagia of 3 days. History of glomerulonephritis and overweight. He had bipalpebral edema and papilledema. Computed tomography scan of the orbit: increase of fluid in the sheath of both optic nerves. Nuclear magnetic resonance: intrasellar arachnoidocele. Opening pressure of cerebrospinal fluid: 400 mmH2O. He presented vitamin D and B6 deficiency and started replacement treatment. The elevation of intracranial pressure triggers compensation mechanisms that, when they fail, can compromise life or cause serious neurological disabilities. Recognizing the cause for an accurate therapeutic approach is key to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this pathology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Vitamin B 6 Deficiency/complications , Vitamin A Deficiency/complications , Vitamin D Deficiency/complications , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Vitamin B 6 Deficiency/drug therapy , Vision Disorders/etiology , Vitamin A/administration & dosage , Vitamin A Deficiency/drug therapy , Vitamin D/administration & dosage , Vitamin D Deficiency/drug therapy , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Papilledema/etiology , Intracranial Hypertension/diagnosis , Intracranial Hypertension/etiology , Vitamin B 6/administration & dosage
5.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 38(supl.1): 10-14, mayo 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-950949

ABSTRACT

Resumen El lupus eritematoso sistémico es una enfermedad autoinmunitaria crónica que afecta múltiples sistemas orgánicos, incluido el sistema nervioso central. El seudotumor cerebral es un síndrome clínico que se caracteriza por aumento de la presión intracraneal en ausencia de lesiones que ocupen espacio u otra causa detectable, que afecta con frecuencia a mujeres jóvenes y obesas. Se presenta el caso de una mujer con diagnóstico de seudotumor cerebral y lupus eritematoso sistémico diagnosticado de novo durante el embarazo.


Abstract Systemic lupus erythematous is a chronic multi-systemic autoimmune disease that affects multiple organ systems, including the central nervous system. Pseudotumor cerebri is a disorder associated with increased intracranial pressure in the absence of a space-occupying lesion or other identifiable cause that affects young and obese women. We present the case of a pregnant woman with both pseudotumor cerebri and a new diagnosis of active systemic lupus erythematous.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Pregnancy Complications/etiology , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications
6.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 37(1): 58-62, 13/04/2018.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-911376

ABSTRACT

Pseudotumor cerebri is a relatively common pathology that is characterized by intracranial hypertension in the absence of mass lesions. It commonly affects young and obese women, and its presentation with visual loss and bilateral papilledema is well-described in the literature. We present a case of a 44-year-old, non-obese, female patient presenting with unilateral papilledema and iron-deficiency anemia. This case emphasizes this unusual presentation and the rare association with iron deficiency.


O pseudotumor cerebral é uma patologia relativamente comum, caracterizada pela hipertensão intracraniana na ausência de lesões causando efeito de massa. Frequentemente afeta mulheres jovens e obesas, e sua apresentação, com perda do campo visual e papiledema bilateral, é bem descrita na literatura. Nós apresentamos um caso de uma paciente de 44 anos, não obesa, com papiledema unilateral e anemia ferropriva. Esse caso destaca essa apresentação incomum e a rara associação com a deficiência de ferro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Pseudotumor Cerebri , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Papilledema , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency
7.
São Paulo med. j ; 136(2): 182-187, Mar.-Apr. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-904158

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT CONTEXT: Pseudotumor cerebri occurs when there is an increase in intracranial pressure without an underlying cause, usually leading to loss of vision. It is most commonly observed in obese women of child-bearing age. CASE REPORT: A 46-year-old woman presented at our service with idiopathic intracranial hypertension that had been diagnosed two years earlier, which had led to chronic refractory headache and an estimated 30% loss of visual acuity, associated with bilateral papilledema. She presented partial improvement of the headache with acetazolamide, but the visual loss persisted. Her intracranial pressure was 34 cmH2O. She presented a body mass index of 39.5 kg/m2, also associated with high blood pressure. Computed tomography of the cranium with endovenous contrast did not show any abnormalities. She underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with uneventful postoperative evolution. One month following surgery, she presented a 24% excess weight loss. An ophthalmological examination revealed absence of visual loss and remission of the papilledema. There were no new episodes of headache following the surgery. There was also complete resolution of high blood pressure. The intracranial pressure decreased to 24 cmH2O, six months after the surgery. CONCLUSION: Although the condition is usually associated with obesity, there are few reports of bariatric surgery among individuals with pseudotumor cerebri. In cases studied previously, there was high prevalence of resolution or improvement of the disease following bariatric surgery. There is no consensus regarding which technique is preferable. Thus, further research is necessary in order to establish a specific algorithm.


RESUMO CONTEXTO: O pseudotumor cerebri ocorre quando há aumento na pressão intracraniana sem causa subjacente, comumente levando a perda visual. É mais comum em mulheres obesas em idade fértil. RELATO DE CASO: Mulher de 46 anos, foi admitida com hipertensão intracraniana idiopática diagnosticada há dois anos, que levou a cefaleia refratária crônica e perda estimada de 30% da acuidade visual, associada a papiledema bilateral. Apresentou melhora parcial da cefaleia com acetazolamida, mas a perda visual persistiu. A pressão intracraniana era de 34 cmH2O. Apresentava índice de massa corpórea de 39,5 kg/m2, associado a hipertensão arterial. Tomografia computadorizada com contraste endovenoso de crânio não apresentou anormalidades. Foi submetida ao bypass gástrico em Y de Roux, com evolução pósoperatória sem intercorrências. Um mês após a cirurgia, apresentou perda de peso em excesso de 24%. Um exame oftalmológico demonstrou ausência de perda visual e remissão do papiledema; não houve novos episódios de cefaleia após a cirurgia. Houve também resolução completa da hipertensão arterial. A pressão intracraniana caiu para 24 cmH2O após seis meses da cirurgia. CONCLUSÃO: Embora a condição seja usualmente associada à obesidade, há escassos relatos de cirurgia bariátrica em indivíduos com pseudotumor cerebri. Nos casos previamente estudados, há alta prevalência de resolução ou de melhora da doença após a cirurgia bariátrica. Não há consenso sobre qual é a técnica cirúrgica de escolha. Portanto, mais estudos são necessários para estabelecer um algoritmo específico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Obesity, Morbid/complications , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Gastric Bypass , Papilledema/etiology , Intracranial Hypertension/etiology , Pseudotumor Cerebri/surgery , Papilledema/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Intracranial Hypertension/surgery
10.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 32(3): 204-206, set. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-719983

ABSTRACT

Mild head injury has been described as rare cause of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). In the presence of IIH, initial treatment is clinical and surgical treatment, such as lumboperitoneal shunt. Most cases have a good prognosis. The patient have 9-year-old male, went to the emergency room with a history of accidental fall, presenting headache, vomiting and blurred vision. Physical examination showed good overall condition. Neurological examination: normal. Fundoscopy: incipient bilateral papilledema. Normal cranial CT. The general picture suggested by exclusion of other causes IIH diagnosis. He underwent symptomatic treatment with acetazolamide, painkillers and rest. Discharged from the hospital on the eighth hospital day with no complaints being referred for outpatient treatment.


O traumatismo cranioencefálico leve tem sido uma causa rara de hipertensão intracraniana idiopática (HII). Na presença de HII, o tratamento inicial é clínico e o tratamento cirúrgico é feito por meio da derivação lumboperitoneal. A maioria dos casos cursa com bom prognóstico. Um paciente com 9 anos de idade, masculino, foi admitido na emergência com história de queda acidental, apresentava cefaleia, vômitos e visão turva. Ao exame físico apresentou bom estado geral. Exame neurológico: normal; fundoscopia: papiledema bilateral incipiente; TC do crânio normal. O quadro sugeriu o diagnóstico de HII, por exclusão de outras causas. Foi submetido a tratamento sintomático com acetazolamida, analgésicos e repouso. Recebeu alta médica hospitalar no oitavo dia, sem queixas, sendo encaminhado para acompanhamento ambulatorial.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Pseudotumor Cerebri/therapy , Papilledema , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications
11.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 70(9): 704-709, Sept. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-649306

ABSTRACT

Patients with hydrocephalus and risk factors for overdrainage may be submitted to ventricular shunt (VS) implant with antisiphon device. The objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate for two years the clinical and tomographic results of the implant of fixed-pressure valves with antisiphon device SPHERA® in 35 adult patients, with hydrocephalus and risk factors for overdrainage. Of these, 3 had congenital hydrocephalus in adult patients with very dilated ventricles (Evans index >50%), 3 had symptomatic overdrainage after previous VS implant (subdural hematoma, hygroma or slit ventricle syndrome), 1 had previous chronic subdural hematoma, 15 had normal pressure hydrocephalus with final lumbar pressure <5 cm H2O after tap test (40 mL), 6 had pseudotumor cerebri, and 7 had hydrocephalus due to other causes. Clinical improvement was observed and sustained in 94.3% of the patients during the two-year period with no computed tomography (CT) evidence of hypo or overdrainage, and no immediate early or late significant complications.


Pacientes com hidrocefalia e fatores de risco para hiperdrenagem podem ser submetidos ao implante de derivação ventricular (VS) com mecanismo antissifão. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar prospectivamente os resultados clínicos e tomográficos do implante de válvulas de pressão fixa com antissifão SPHERA® em 35 pacientes adultos, com hidrocefalia e risco de hiperdrenagem, acompanhados por dois anos. Destes, 3 apresentavam hidrocefalia congênita em adulto, com ventrículos muito dilatados (índice de Evans >50%); 3 tinham hiperdrenagem sintomática pós-derivação ventricular prévia (hematoma subdural, higroma ou síndrome dos ventrículos colabados; 1 apresentava hematoma subdural crônico pregresso; 15 apresentavam hidrocefalia de pressão normal com pressão lombar final <5 cm H2O após tap test (40 mL); 6 apresentavam pseudotumor cerebral; e 7, devido a outras causas. A melhoria clínica foi detectada e sustentada em 94,3% dos pacientes no período de dois anos, sem indícios tomográficos de hipo ou hiperdrenagem e sem complicações significativas imediatas, precoces ou tardias.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts/instrumentation , Drainage/instrumentation , Hydrocephalus/surgery , Hydrostatic Pressure/adverse effects , Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure/physiology , Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts/adverse effects , Equipment Design , Hematoma, Subdural/etiology , Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure/physiopathology , Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure/surgery , Hydrocephalus/physiopathology , Prospective Studies , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Slit Ventricle Syndrome/etiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
12.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 138(3): 334-337, mar. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-548169

ABSTRACT

The classical manifestations of Behçet disease are mouth ana genital ulcers, cutaneous lesions ana ocular involvement. The central nervous system is affected in 5 to 59 percent of the cases, usually in the form of meningoencephalitis or sinus venous thrombosis. We report a 17-year-old femóle presenting with a two weeks history of progressive headache, nausea and blurred vision. An initial magnetic resonance was normal. Fifteen days later she was admitted to the hospital due to progression of visual impairment. Shegave a history of oral ulcers and arthralgias. A new magnetic resonance was normal. A lumbar puncture showed a cerebrospinal fluid with a protein concentration of 14 mg/dl, aglucose concentration of 64 mg/dl, 20fresh red blood cells and a pressure of 26 cm H(2)0. The diagnosis of a pseudotumor cerebri, secondary to Behçet disease was raised and the patient was treated with colchicine and acetazolamide. The evolution was torpid and an anterior uveitis was alsofound. After discharge, she continued with oral and genital ulcers and was treated with infliximab. Despite treatment, headache persists.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Behcet Syndrome/complications , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Acetazolamide/therapeutic use , Behcet Syndrome/diagnosis , Behcet Syndrome/drug therapy , Colchicine/therapeutic use , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Pseudotumor Cerebri/drug therapy
14.
In. Delfino, Aurora; Scavone Mauro, Cristina L; González Rabelino, Gabriel Alejandro. Temas y pautas de neurología infantil. Montevideo, BiblioMédica, 2006. p.213-218.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1292632
15.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 63(3A): 697-700, set. 2005. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-409061

ABSTRACT

O pseudotumor cerebral é uma síndrome neurológica relativamente comum na adolescência. Na maioria dos casos, a etiologia é idiopática, mas pode haver complicações graves, como cegueira, relacionadas com a hipertensão intracraniana. O objetivo deste artigo é enfatizar o diagnóstico diferencial do pseudotumor cerebral, com atenção especial às etiologias tratáveis. Relatamos o caso de um adolescente de 12 anos que se apresentou com diplopia e cefaléia 9 dias após otite média e mastoidite à direita. A tomografia computadorizada do crânio foi normal, mas a ressonância magnética do encéfalo detectou trombose dos seios transverso e sigmóideo ipsilaterais, a qual respondeu à anticoagulação precoce. A conclusão é que a ressonância magnética do encéfalo é essencial nos pacientes com diagnóstico clínico de pseudotumor cerebral para exclusão de causas tratáveis, como a trombose venosa dural.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Dura Mater , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/complications , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Enoxaparin/therapeutic use , Magnetic Resonance Angiography , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Pseudotumor Cerebri/therapy , Spinal Puncture , Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/diagnosis , Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/drug therapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
16.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 68(4): 533-537, jul.-ago. 2005. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-417796

ABSTRACT

O objetivo é relatar um caso de trombose de seio venoso cerebral causando síndrome de pseudotumor, onde a principal manifestação clínica foi uma perda visual bilateral grave. Homem de 24 anos apresentando perda visual bilateral grave, obscurecimentos transitórios da visão, cefaléia, papiledema bilateral e campos visuais constrictos. Tomografia computadorizada, bem como exame neurológico, apresentavam-se normais. Punção lombar mostrou um aumento da pressão liquórica inicial e o hemograma mostrou aumento do número de plaquetas. A ressonância magnética de crânio apresentava sinais característicos de papiledema crônico e sinais sugestivos de trombose de seio sagital superior. A venorressonância magnética de crânio mostrou trombose de seios sagital superior, transversos e sigmóides. Paciente foi tratado com descompressão de bainha de nervo óptico do olho esquerdo, acetazolamida e anticoagulação. O exame oftalmológico após o tratamento mostrou redução do papiledema, mas com persistência de perda visual acentuada. O pseudotumor cerebral com perda visual severa pode ser um sinal de apresentação de trombose venosa cerebral secundária a doença hematológica grave.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Vision Disorders/etiology , Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/complications , Diagnosis, Differential , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Syndrome , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Thrombocytosis/complications , Thrombocytosis/diagnosis , Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/diagnosis
17.
Neurol India ; 2002 Dec; 50(4): 528-9
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-121375

ABSTRACT

Papilledema and raised intracranial pressure have been reported in association with Guillain-Barre syndrome. Papilledema is usually asympotomatic or associated with mild visual field defects, without any visual loss. The cerebrospinal fluid protein is usually reported to be high. A case of a 35 year old lady is reported, who presented with headache, diplopia and progressive visual loss in both eyes and limb weakness with hyporeflexia. Optic fundus examination showed bilateral papilledema. She had features of pseudotumor cerebri. Nerve conduction studies were suggestive of polyradiculopathy. The unusual things in this case, were the profound visual loss normal cerebrospinal fluid profiles and the presentation of papilledema before the limb weakness.


Subject(s)
Adult , Diplopia/etiology , Female , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/complications , Humans , Muscle Weakness/etiology , Papilledema/etiology , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Reflex, Abnormal , Vision Disorders/etiology
18.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-87649

ABSTRACT

Antiphospholipid antibodies have been recognized as a marker for an increased risk of thrombosis, including cerebral venous thrombosis. This is a clinical study of three patients who presented with features of raised intracranial tension. Investigations revealed normal CT of brain and CSF examination in two patients. MRI of brain revealed dural venous sinus thrombosis in all the patients and positive antiphospholipid antibodies in the blood. All patients recovered with anticoagulant therapy. Antiphospholipid antibodies should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pseudotumor syndrome related to cerebral venous thrombosis.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Antibodies, Antiphospholipid/analysis , Antiphospholipid Syndrome/complications , Female , Humans , Male , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial/complications
19.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2001 Feb; 68(2): 181
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-82674
20.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 805-808, 2001.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-147198

ABSTRACT

Pseudotumor cerebri is an uncommon manifestation of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and is characterized by an elevated intracranial pressure, papilledema with occasional abducens nerve paresis, absence of a space-occupying Iesion or ventricular enlargement, and normal cerebrospinal fluid chemical and hematological constituents. Pseudotumor cerebri has been reported in a few sporadic cases in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. However, the recurrent pseudotumor cerebri in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus which has been rarely reported, has not been reported in Korea. We experienced a 30-yr-old female patient with SLE who was presented with second attack of severe intractable headache. She was diagnosed pseudotumor cerebri twice and successfully treated with corticosteroid. Headache is the common symptom in patients with neuropsychiatric SLE and attributable to various causes. We suggest that it is important to define the cause of headache in patients with SLE and pseudotumor cerebri should be included in the spectrum of clinical manifestations during the course of SLE as a cause of headache.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Headache/etiology , Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System/complications , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Recurrence
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